A Rose For Emily By William Faulkner - 1306 Words

In William’s Faulkner story, â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, vivid imagery is used to describe the mysterious life of Emily Grierson. Emily Grierson, the main character, is portrayed as a mentally disturbed individual who is pitied among her community. In the story Emily Grierson exhibited behavior that would lead one to think she was insane. The main reason to Emily’s behavior comes from how her father treated her when he was alive. Emily’s father felt none of the â€Å"young men were quite good enough† for his daughter, therefore he kept her in the house and under his wing at all times. With this self-centeredness her dad annulled all desires of bliss for Emily leaving her stuck into her dad’s reality with no way out. This sort of family environment for women was normal in southern society. Emily’s constant isolation and deprivation of love contributed to the murder of her lover Homer Barron. Often described as a â€Å"fallen monumentâ₠¬ , Emily is a convention, unfalteringly remaining the same throughout the years withstanding many changes in her town. Although, Emily is distant from the world she is someone people wish to regard and respect. Even though the people in her in community respect her she is mostly seen as a burden with a peculiar lifestyle. As the story begins, Emily has apparently just died, and in this the townspeople are talking about her weird and pitiful life. Emily s intemperate requirement for privacy is tested by the townspeople s extraordinary interest about the truthsShow MoreRelatedA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner923 Words   |  4 PagesA Rose for Emily; A Tale of The Old South William Faulkner was born in New Albany, Mississippi in 1897 but lived most of his life in Oxford, a small town nearby. After dropping out of high school then briefly joining the Canadian Air Force, he returned home and completed three terms at the University of Mississippi (Fulton 27). During his early twenties Faulkner spent time in New Orleans and Europe before returning to Oxford and publishing his first book of poems. In 1929 he married Estelle FranklinRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1729 Words   |  7 PagesJune 24, 2015 â€Å"A Rose for Emily† In every neighborhood there is always that one house that is a mystery to everyone. A house that everyone wants to know about, but nobody can seem to be able to dig up any answers. It’s the type of place that you would take any opportunity or excuse to get to explore. The littler that is known, the more the curiosity increases about this mysterious place or person. In the short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner, this mysterious person is Emily Grierson, andRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner949 Words   |  4 PagesIn William Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily† it is clear how Emily’s gender affects how the individuals in the town perceive her. Emily’s gender particularly affects how men understand her. Throughout the whole piece Emily is seen as a helpless individual who is lonely and has suffered losses throughout her life. When the reader reaches the end of the story the actions that Emily has taken is unexpected because of the way she is perceived by the narrator. In the beginning of the story, when the wholeRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1577 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"A Sarah Markins Dr. Bibby ENG 107 February 11, 2015 â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, written by William Faulkner in 1931, follows a series of peculiar events in Miss Emily Griersons life. Written in third person limited, Faulkner utilizes flashbacks to tell of the period between the death of Emily’s father and her own passing. Split into five short sections, the story starts out with the townspeople of Jefferson remembering Emily’s legacy and how each new generation ofRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1552 Words   |  7 PagesRyan Dunn Mrs. Williams English 11 March 11, 2016 In the short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner, the reader is given a glimpse of the internal conflict of the main character, living in the past, and the involvement of an over involved society causing the reader to look into the consciousness of an individual haunted by a past and lack of a future. The story is set in a post-Civil War town in the South. He is able to give the reader a glimpse of the practices and attitudes that had unitedRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1507 Words   |  7 Pages1897, William Cuthbert Faulkner was born in New Albany, Mississippi. He stands as one of the most preeminent American writers of the twentieth century. His literary reputation included poetry, novels, short stories, and screenplays. Faulkner won two Pulitzer Prizes for Fiction and the Nobel Prize in Literature. â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is a short fascinating story written by William Faulkner and it was his first short story published in a national m agazine. The story involved an old woman named Emily GriersonRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner883 Words   |  4 PagesIn the timeless classic, â€Å"A rose for Emily† by William Faulkner we are introduced to Emily Grierson, a matured sheltered southern woman; born to a proud, aristocratic family presumably during the American Civil War. Through out the short story William Faulkner uses many literary devices such as symbolism, metaphors and allegory to play with â€Å"time† and how time reflects upon his main character Emily Grierson. Emily being one who denies the ability to see time for what it is linear and unchangeableRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1270 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Faulkner’s short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† thoroughly examines the life of a strange woman name Emily Grierson who lives in the town of Jefferson. If we examine â€Å"A Rose for Emily† in terms of formalist criticism, we see that the story dramatizes through setting, plot, characterization, and symbolism on how Miss Emily’s life is controlled by a possessive love she had for her father and lover. William Faulkner uses Emily’s life as the protagonist to examine from a formalist aspect. In orderRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1780 Words   |  8 PagesIn 1930, William Faulkner wrote a five-part story entitled â€Å"A Rose for Emily† that follows the life of a young woman named Miss Emily Grierson. Faulkner sets his story in the Old South, soon after the ending of America’s Civil War, and represents the decaying values of the Confederacy (Kirszner Mandell, 2013a, p. 244). One of these values which the text portrays quite often in â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, is the patriarchal custom of society viewing men as having more importance than their female counterpartsRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1277 Words   |  6 PagesMiss Emily Grierson, the main character in the strange short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† written by William Faulkner. It would be best to examine her in a mental capacity as well as the circumstances that may affect her. Throughout the story, Miss Emily’s unpredictable and eccentric behavior becomes unusual, and the reader, like the townspeople in the story, is left to speculate how Miss Emily has spent years living and sleeping with the body of Homer Barron. An important quote from the story was that

Essay Physician-Assisted Suicide and Free Will - 2459 Words

Physician-assisted suicide (PAS) is a topic, which proponents often support by the affirmation of patient free will or as the exercise of patient autonomy. The purpose of this paper is to examine this argument further from an inter-disciplinary approach, regarding PAS from medical, ethical and legal standpoints and to examine the concept of free will from the philosophical discipline. Are these concepts compatible in a meaningful context and can a sound argument be constructed to support PAS on the basis of patient free will? Derek Humphry, in Lawful Exit, defines PAS as a physician providing the means by which a person can take his or her own life. The means, to which he refers, is a toxic substance and the†¦show more content†¦Dworkin and Kass consider this topic from the perspective of Medical Ethics. Kasss treatment of the subject of Physician-assisted suicide as evident from the title of his article, supports his argument by denying patients the moral right to be killed and physicians the moral duty to kill. Dworkin quotes Kasss analysis of the argument favoring PAS on the grounds of Freedom or autonomy: ...Physicians...are bound to acquiesce in demands not only for termination of treatment but also for intentional killing through poison, because the right to choose-freedom-must be respected, even more than life itself, and even when The physician would never recommend or concur in the choices made. (Kass, p.27.) Arguing against autonomy as a rational defense for PAS, Kass concludes that Considerations of mercy for the patient who is suffering, dictate the course of action in the end. Ultimately, medicine is intrinsically a moral profession with...principles and standards of conduct that set limits on what physicians may properly do.(Kass, p.27). Arguing against autonomy as a rational defense for PAS, Kass concludes that it is a consideration of mercy on behalf of the patient, which dictates such actions in the end. The nature of the medical profession is one which operates according to norms that prohibit a physician from ever acting with theShow MoreRelated Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia Essay1436 Words   |  6 PagesAssisted Suicide and Euthanasia   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Assisted suicide is one of the most controversial topics discussed among people every day. Everyone has his or her own opinion on this topic. This is a socially debated topic that above all else involves someone making a choice, whether it be to continue with life or give up hope and die. This should be a choice that they make themselves. However, In the United States, The land of the free, only one state has legalized assisted suicide. I am for assistedRead MoreThe Ethics of Euthanasia Essay1742 Words   |  7 Pagesmisery, however in the state of North Carolina, physician-assisted suicide is illegal. Luckily, her father passed away this year and is finally free of pain and suffering. However, if physician-assisted suicide was legal, her father would not have had to suffer as long as he did. Before we explore the sides of physician-assisted suicide, let’s go over exactly what physician-assisted suicide entails. When the topic of physician-assisted suicide comes up, many individuals believe it is the sameRead MoreThe Right to Commit Physician-Assisted Suicide1685 Words   |  7 PagesThe Right to Commit Physician-Assisted Suicide Physician-assisted suicide is suicide by a patient facilitated by means or information (as a drug prescription or indication of the lethal dosage) provided by a physician who is aware of how the patient intends to use such means or information (â€Å"Physician-assisted suicide†). Physician-assisted suicide should be accessible to the incurably ill patient. Allowing a patient to have this freedom could, for one, bypass tremendous pain and suffering.Read MorePhysician Assisted Suicide Is Not Considered Admissible949 Words   |  4 PagesPhysician assisted suicide- the voluntary termination of one’s own life by administration of a lethal substance with the direct or indirect assistance of a physician, and euthanasia, the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable, painful disease are both highly emotional and contentious subjects. Some argue physician assisted suicide (P.A.S.) is admissible for someone who is dying and trying to painlessly break free fro m the intolerable suffering at the end of their life, and someRead MoreSince The Fifteen Century, Society Has Viewed Suicide Or1178 Words   |  5 PagesSince the fifteen century, society has viewed suicide or intentional death as immoral. It was not until the twentieth century that these â€Å"immoral† attitudes were challenged. As of 2016, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and Colombia have unambiguously legalized direct assisted dying. Other areas, having to undergo a process of either a judicial or legislative decision, include Canada, Japan, and Germany. Currently in the United States, following the same process of a judicial or legislative processesRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide : The Voluntary Termination Of One s Own Life1378 Words   |  6 PagesComposition 2 13 April 2015 The Right to Die Physician assisted suicide has been practiced over the past couple centuries and is beginning to spark the interest in many people who suffer from terminal diseases. Physician assisted suicide is the voluntary termination of one s own life by administration of a lethal substance with the direct or indirect assistance of a physician (Physician-assisted Suicide). Starting in the early 1800 s, physicians did all they could to save the lives of theirRead MoreThe International Code Of Medical Ethics1414 Words   |  6 PagesI think those who have a terminal illness and are in great pain should have the right to choose to end their lives, and those who help them should be free from prosecution, British cosmologist Stephen Hawking told the BBC. Live and Death is directly or indirectly controlled by universal energy to whom we call God. A person who is suffering from the severe brain damage, his/her body system is partially working but brain is almost dead has universal right to live till his/her last breath but, asRead MoreThe Rights Of Assisted Suicide Essay1584 Words   |  7 PagesThe Right To Die With Dignity Assisted suicide is the act of committing suicide with the help of another person or doctor, most commonly referred to as Physician Assisted Suicide. It is currently legal in Oregon, Washington, Vermont, Montana, California, and Colorado. Considering the increase of people dying from terminal illnesses, assisted suicide should be legalized across the nation. People that suffer from a terminal illness that can’t be cured or treated and will result in death have the rightRead MoreThe Debate Of Physician Assisted Suicide1321 Words   |  6 PagesThe Debate Surrounding the Topic of Physician Assisted Suicide Who gets to make the choice whether someone lives or dies? If a person has the right to live, they certainly should be able to make the choice to end their own life. The law protects each and everyone’s right to live, but when a person tries to kill themselves more than likely they will end up in a Psychiatric unit. Today we hear more and more about the debate of Physician assisted suicide and where this topic stands morally and ethicallyRead More Physician-Assisted Suicide is Morally and Ethically Acceptable1160 Words   |  5 Pages   Ã‚  Ã‚   The long time debate over medically assisted suicide, the presence of a doctor at a patient’s suicide, resurfaced again with the conviction of doctor Jack Kevorkian.   Kevorkian was convicted of second degree murder when he euthanized, or administered the injection himself, Thomas Youk on September 17, 1998.   Dr. Kevorkian, an advocate and practitioner of medically assisted suicides, has many opponents on the issue. Opponents say that it is unethical and even with the consent of the patient

April Morning Essay Example For Students

April Morning Essay April Morning was an interesting book concerning a young man, Adam Cooper, andthe trials and tribulations of his taking part in the Battle of Lexington. Thestory takes place mostly in Adams home town of Lexington, Massachusetts, butalso partially on the surrounding roads and countryside. The novel opens with aglimpse into the daily life of the Cooper family. As Adam comments on the harshperfectionist opprobrium of his father, I find myself drawn to his side of theissue. Adam confuses his fathers constant animadversion with the feeling thathis father hates him. These feelings of hate are somewhat annulled by Granny,Adams grandmother and confidant. She tells him that, since she has knownMoses Cooper longer than anyone, she knows that he really loves Adam. This isfurther exerted when Adam overhears a conversation between his parents. All thiswas happening with the rumblings of war nearby. The British taxes and tariffswere intensifying and by then most New England towns had their own loc algovernments called Committees. These Committees were supported by localcommunity leaders who also organized a town militia. When word reached Lexingtonthat a British army landed, the local militia was mustered through much urgingby Moses Cooper and Jonas Parker, the Captain of the Militia. They pushed for amarshaling of the soldiers for completely different reasons, however. Mosesstood firm by the principles of freedom and common human decency. Jonas Parkersimply felt that because he was chosen to be Captain of the Militia, it was hisright, duty, and obligation to be out for the blood of any redcoat crossing intoLexington, Massachusetts. In any case, the British came to Lexington. The townrepresentatives went to parlay with them. Jonas Parker, Moses Cooper, theReverend, and Simon Casper, a confrontational battle advocate, were there infront of three mounted British officers. All they could do was watch helplesslyas the redcoats, a thousand strong, surrounded their seventy-man mili tia insilence. The Reverend, being the peaceful man that he was, tried to speakdiplomatically to the British officers. They unfeelingly gunned down Adamsfather along with most of the defenders in plain sight of everyone. Adam was oneof the lucky few that made it out alive. He ran away from the British soldiers,finally hiding in a smokehouse and dealing with the loss of his father. Eventually Levi, Adams brother, came looking for him. Adam helped to con-soleLevi in their fathers death, and they soon parted. Levi went home to tell hismother and grandmother while Adam went to hide in some woods outside town. Hewas pursued shortly but outran the redcoats. It was in these woods that Adam metSolomon Chandler. Solomon had soldiered with the British in the French War, butnow fought for American independence. Adam and Solomon walked together to ameeting place called Ashleys Pasture. Along the way, they picked up otherswho were also journeying to the meeting. By the time they arrived in AshleysPasture they were twenty-one strong, and there were over thirty waiting. In thenext hour of remaining there, many more showed up until there were at least ahundred of them. Finally, they gathered around Solomon and discussed their planof action. They were to lie in wait next to a stone wall lining the road and asthe British passed, rise up and fire over the wall. When the revoluti onaries hadfired, they were supposed to run away from the road and regroup. At their secondgrouping, they decided to break into groups of twos and threes, notallowing the British to take advantage of firing into one huge clump of men. .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121 , .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121 .postImageUrl , .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121 , .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121:hover , .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121:visited , .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121:active { border:0!important; } .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121:active , .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121 .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf22d42f7f3f22798d9c05f7390bf7121:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Autism EssayAdam paired off with his cousin Joseph Simmons, the town blacksmith and a friendof the Cooper family. After that encounter they again regrouped and decided toproceed along the road and get ahead of the redcoats. They picked a spot wherethe road dipped down a hill, and Adam, Cousin Simmons, and four or five otherscrawled into a windfall at the bottom. The shelter was about seventy paces fromthe road, and Adams fowling gun was only lethal at thirty. He found this agood excuse to rest from his sleepless night and soon fell into torpidity. WhenAdam awoke, it was to the voices of the Reverend and Cousin Simmons. They werediscussing having to break the news of anothe r death to Mrs. Cooper. Adam thencalled out to them and they were gladdened to know he was alive, and dumbfoundedto know that he had fallen asleep. Then, the three of them walked home together,and when they reached Lexington, they split up to go to their respective houses. As Adam approached his house, his brother Levi came running out to him and saidthat someone had come by with news of Adams death. They both sat on theground a moment and sobbed, happy to know each other was alive. Adam thenregained control of himself, knowing he would have to face his mother soon. WhenAdam saw his mother, they embraced warmly. Granny then led them all into thekitchen. Many neighbors were there, most of whom had brought food. Mrs. Cartwright, one of the most insensitive and repulsive women Adam knew, took Adamupstairs where his father was laid out. She then coldly told Adam to pay hisrespects, and Adam said to her in no uncertain terms to get out. Having paid hisrespects, Adam went back downstairs. All the neighbors had gone, and only Levi,Granny, and Mother remained. It was agreed upon that Adam needed a bath, andMother sent Levi to get some water. After his bath, more neighbors were therewith more food. Adam, wanting an excuse to get out of the house, was al-mostglad to see Cousin Simmons, among others, struggling to carry a coffindownstairs. Cousin Simmons asked Adams help, and he was glad to give it. Theycarried the coffin across the courtyard to the meetinghouse, which was servingas a temporary morgue. The coffin maker apologized for the make shiftiness ofthe coffin, but with as many deaths as there had been, there was not much hecould do. A reporter from the Boston Advertiser cornered Adam and tried to p inhim down with some questions, but he just pushed past him and out of themeetinghouse. Outside, a man was asking for volunteers to help with the siege onBoston. Adam stood there a moment, listening to him. He began dozing when CousinSimmons grabbed his arm and suggested that they both go home and get a goodnights rest. When Adam got home, Mother forced him to eat for his own good. She then asked him to carry a box of candles to the meetinghouse so Father wouldnot lie in the darkness. On his way out of the house, Ruth Simmons, Adamschildhood sweetheart, was waiting there for him. Having hugged and thoroughlykissed him, Ruth said that she had worried about him very much. Together, theywalked to the meetinghouse and put the candles there. After they left, Adamwalked Ruth home and then turned home himself. At home, Adam was in bed whenGranny came to wish him a good night. He told her that he would not be going toBoston to help with the siege, but she said that she knew him well and that hewould leave before long.

Throughout History, Music Has Made Dramatic Impacts On The Way Civiliz

Throughout history, music has made dramatic impacts on the way civilizations and communities function and behave. Likewise, the behavior and attitudes of people in a community add to the flavor and attitude of the music made within the culture. Examples of this sort of connection include the Baroque era in Europe, where the character of the common citizen and the music were very refined and structured, or in England during the 70?s, where the citizens and the music displayed anger and revolt against the monarchy. New Orleans has always been a city that provides inspiration for musicians and artists, and likewise, the creations that come from this city strike chords with many other cultures worldwide and have impacted communities just the same. The sound and vibe of New Orleans, especially right after the Great Depression, helped to release what can be called the ?American free spirit,? by making the nation a more colorful, free, and honest place to live. There are three distinct sounds of New Orleans, all of which first developed in small urban areas, and caught on throughout the region. These New Orleans-bred styles of music are jazz, blues, and a more recent genre, bounce music. In all these forms, life in New Orleans in its urban context is depicted through the music?s portrayal of emotion, action, and event. The music has also helped to shape New Orleans? cultural identity, which is undeniably different from any other culture in the world in language, behavior, ethic, and daily life. The laid back, sexual, and nostalgic attitudes of the New Orleanian are heard through the crooning of the blues. The high-spirited, ?dirty-dancing,? conversational mannerisms are spoken through jazz music. The rhythmic chanting of a bounce rap displays the tendency of those in New Orleans to party until the early morning, their desire for easy money and better living (the American Dream), and most importantly, the pride he has for his home in the Sou th. Congress called jazz ?a rare and invaluable national treasure of international importance? that is the ?most widely recognized indigenous art form? in the United States (McDonough 11). Ellis Marsalis states ?jazz is the most American of art forms, the distillation of the American Spirit? (Scherman 73). Apparently, from these quotations, this form of music we know as jazz has had quite an impact on a nation. Many believe Buddy Bolden was the first to play his cornet without sheet music to a basic folk beat, and thus introduced one of the most important aspects of jazz music, improvisation. Louis Armstrong, once called the ?Johann Sebastian Bach of jazz music? by Wynton Marsalis (popular band leader), reportedly had once, while singing a ?folksy? blues/country tune, dropped his music on the ground and instead of picking it up, began to ?scat? or sing gibberish that sounded perfect with the beat, as he improvised the notes and sounds with his mouth in tune with the song. ?Jazz,? Duke El lington once told a newspaper reporter, ?is freedom? (Ponce 92). When attending a jazz show, you will rarely hear songs played the same way twice. Jazz is also very interactive and conversational ? often the musicians will ?trade fours,? which means they will improvise soloes for four measures and then ?pass? to another performer. Improvisation makes for a very conversational style of music, and it is social by nature. There is the freedom to formulate an infinite number of emotions through the music, and if you?re attending a jazz show, you have the freedom to dance and sing until you get tired. This was not an accepted behavior for popular American music prior to the 20?s. Few of the founding pioneers of New Orleans jazz music were able to see their later successes, for it wasn?t until after America?s entry into World War I and the end of the Great Depression that jazz music gained recognition nationwide and evolved into big band and swing. At this point, jazz had become the locus of American music. It spread very quickly as many of the jazz musicians had left New Orleans to head North during the Great Migration, which was caused by a plague of boll weevils on southern crops, a succession of floods in the Mississippi

Romantic Illusion and Vulgar Realism Essay Example

Romantic Illusion and Vulgar Realism Paper Gryndal - Professor - English 2328 14 November 2006 Romantic Illusion and Vulgar Realism In the short-story â€Å"Editha,† by William Dean Howells, Howells presents the movement in literature from the idealistic romantic period into modern realism showing the conflict that exists between these ideologies through the expression of sexual dominance. Howells uses the expression of sexual dominance from the highly romanticized views of war to show the catalyst for the conflict between the two forms. The story begins with an air of impending war showing Editha’s romantic views of war in general and her belief in the glory that wars bring those who fight them. Editha was â€Å"a girl who embodied all the nonsense about the heroic romanticism of war†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Carter, 231) This deeply romanticized idea of the hero leads her to involve her lover, George. Initially she approaches George in a reserved manner as she â€Å"put a guard upon herself against urging him, by any word or act, to take the part that her whole soul willed him to take, for the completion of her ideal for him. (392) Eventually, though not completely intentionally, she expresses her full nature and focused sexual energy, unguarded, upon her lover; â€Å"her womanhood upon his manhood, without knowing the means she was using to the end she was willing. † (392) As stated by Free, â€Å"Howells implies that merely by expressing her feelings about the war Editha satisfied her own romantic sense. â €  (Free 2) Continuing this manipulation of her lover to its climax, Editha makes even their courtship contingent upon his submission to her belief in this letter to him: â€Å"George: I understood-when you left me. We will write a custom essay sample on Romantic Illusion and Vulgar Realism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Romantic Illusion and Vulgar Realism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Romantic Illusion and Vulgar Realism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer But I think we had better emphasize your meaning that if we cannot be one in everything we had better be one in nothing. So I am sending these things for your keeping till you have made up your mind. â€Å"I shall always love you, and therefore I shall never marry anyone else. But the man I marry must love his country first of all, and be able to say to me, ‘I could not love thee, dear, so much, Loved I not honor more. ’ â€Å"There is no honor above America with me. I have never expected to say so much, but it has come upon me that I must say the utmost. Editha. (394) The letter, wrapped in red, white, and blue ribbon and a package full of all the things, including the engagement ring, that George had given her, were made ready to send to him. This letter exemplifies Editha’s resolve in her romantic thought, fully expecting her lover to yield to her. Unable to resolve the reality of war with her romantic ideals, Editha fanaticizes of her lover returning home le ss a man, †with an empty sleeve†¦Ã¢â‚¬  so that he should be dependant on her and, â€Å"†¦should have three arms instead of two, for both of hers should be his for life. (397) She expresses clearly her need for dominance over her lover, as Furia states, â€Å"with her two arms Editha will have a clear superiority†. (Furia 1) Even after Editha’s mother sternly corrects her manipulation of George saying, â€Å"I guess you’ve done a wicked thing,† (394) she continues, as if unable to consider any view other then her own. George’s death, killed almost immediately in the first wave of combat, causes her a great grief of â€Å"fever that she expected of herself† (398) while at the same time â€Å"she was not even delirious† (398) as she did not expect, nor â€Å"did it last very long. (398) Editha’s inability to accept the reality of this undesired consequence further strengthens her fixed romantic views and her i nability to deal with reality, â€Å"She had visions of him returning heroically home, with some slight wound to testify his courage,† (Carter, 231) however, he did not return home at all, sinking her into a deep, but short-lived depression. â€Å"In the exultation of duty laid upon herit buoyed her up instead of burdening her. † (398) Ultimately, this is where Howells adeptly shows the real superficiality of romanticism. Traveling with her father to her mother-in-law’s home, dressed prideful â€Å"tall and black in her crapes which filled the air with the smell of their dyes,† (399) Editha is unprepared for the reality that Mrs. Gearson, her mother-in-law, presents to her. Mrs. Gearson ends their conversation saying, â€Å"’I thank my God they killed him first, and that he ain’t (sic) livin’ (sic) with their blood on his hands! ’† (399) She continues to express her disdain for Editha’s prideful black clothes, â€Å"’What you got that black on for? †¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢take it off, before I tear it from your back! ’† (399) Mrs. Gearson shows Editha’s delusion for what it is and manages to â€Å"nearly to destroy Edithas idealism. † (Piacentino 6) Through out the story Howells has shown numerous examples of Editha’s romantic views and her expression of dominance over her lover, however, it is not until t he final paragraph that he shows the true inability of Editha to depart from her romantic ideals and accept any form of reality. In the closing scene, Editha, recanting the encounter with her mother-in-law to the artist painting her portrait, finds relief in the artists words: â€Å"But how dreadful of her! How perfectly—excuse me—how vulgar! † (400) with that word, vulgar, Editha â€Å"began to live again in the ideal. † (400) †By finding Mrs. Gearsons world vulgar, a world which Editha has always shunned, she can continue to live on in the non-world of the superlatives. † (Englehart, 5) All is right in Editha’s world now, regardless how it may be in any one else’s world. The shallowness of the romanticism leaves us with only †inscrutable silence of the Cheshire cat, content within herself, but unable to communicate with the neurotics that surround her. † (Bellamy 5) This is the superficiality of romanticism; to live in one’s own world without concern for anyone else within it. Howells shows how romanticism and realism simply fail to coexist. †What he was really doing was placing this drama within the context of the larger drama taking place in late nineteenth-century Americathe conflict between the worlds of romantic llusion and of vulgar realism. † (Englehart, 5) Works Cited Bellamy, Michael O. â€Å"Eros and Thanatos in William Dean Howellss `Editha. † American Literary Realism, Vol. XII, No. 2, Autumn, 1979, pp. 283-87. MLA International Journal. Gale. Carter, Everett. Howells and the Age of Realism. Hamden, Connecticut: Arcon Books, 1966. Engelhart, Carl W. â€Å"Howells EdithaToward Realism † American a-Austriaca, edited by Klaus Lanzinger, Wilhelm Braumuller, 1974, pp. 3-9. MLA International Journal. Gale. Free, William J. â€Å"Howells `Editha and Pragmatic Belief. Studies in Short Fiction, Vol. III, No. 3, Spring, 1966, pp. 285-92. MLA International Journal. Gale. Furia, Philip. â€Å"Editha: The Feminine View. † American Literary Realism, Vol. XII, No. 2, Autumn, 1979, pp. 278-82. MLA International Journal. Gale. Howells, William Dean. â€Å"Editha. † The American Tradition in American Literature. Ed. George Perkins and Barbara Perkins. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2007. 391-400. Piacentino, Edward J. â€Å"Arms in Love and War in Howells `Editha. † Studies in Short Fiction, Vol. 24, No. 4, Fall, 1987, pp. 425-32. MLA International Journal. Gale.

Marketing Analysis of Apple Inc The WritePass Journal

Marketing Analysis of Apple Inc Introduction Marketing Analysis of Apple Inc IntroductionMarket EnvironmentMarketing Approach of AppleDiscussionConclusionRecommendationsREFERENCESRelated Introduction 523 Apple Inc. is known for its innovative ability to gain competitive advantage since 3rd Jan 1977. It was called Apple Computers Inc. and as they have started their penetration in the consumer electronics, they have removed Computers from their name. With a workforce of 46600 FT employees and 2800 temp staff all over the world and the made the sales of $65 billion in 2010. (Annual Reports, 2010) The famous brands offered by the company to the world have been Mac computers, iPod, iPad, and now the hot selling iPhone. Apart from hardware, the company has been very successful in software with the introduction of Mac OS X operating system, and other media software’s like iTunes, iLife and now iWork along with iOS (operating system for mobile phones). (Apple Annual reports, 2010) This report will cover their most talked about brand called iPhone, which has been termed as Jesus Phone, Work like magic or your life in your pocket The hype on the internet has made this product a technological savior and the company is still adding innovative features not to mention the technical issues and challenges, which come with every product in the market. (Campbell LaPastina, 2010) Market Environment There is expectation that iPhone users will be 100 million by 2013 and as in the fig the number is going to be around 450 million in 2013. (Churchill, 2009) The company is facing huge competition from Microsoft and Google from software point of view and from LG, Samsung, Sony , Blackberry are already challenging with their innovative brands. Appendix B helps to understand the market forces as well. The company has gained by the first mover advantage and their 317 stores with more than 10,000 partner stores are supporting the sales of the product. The company is highly dependent on Cingular for their success in USA but the company has made strategic partners all around the world to grow like T-Mobile, China Unicom etc. The company is targeting non corporates unlike competitors, although the company has leverage of Apple’s brand image. The company is able to secure first position in the consumer satisfaction survey done by J.D. Power and associates. (Refer Appendix C) (Tews, 200 9) Figure 1 Smartphone sales (Churchill, 2009) The company is targeting professionals, students between the age of 18 and 35 basically. The company is conscious of its brand and so focusing on fulfilling the corporate social responsibilities as in Fig 2. (Apple Annual Reports, 2010) The company has trained nearly 133k workers on human rights and responsibility of the managers. The company also paid $ 2.2 M in recruitment fee overcharges. (Apple Annual reports, 2010) i) Conducting cross industry focus groups for suppliers. ii) They have launched SEED program to teach english and other professional courses for the workers. By 2009, nearly 14800 workers joined this program, with the help of 500 iMac PCs. iii) The company has made strict principles regarding Human Rights (no discrimination, proper age, holiday, respect); Health and Safety of the staff (Ergonomics, cleanliness, emergency evacuation, injury prevention), Environment Safety (Air and water waste management, waste mgt), Ethics (non disclosure agreement) Management commitment to train the staff, workers feedback. (Apple Annual Reports, 2010) Marketing Approach of Apple McCarthy has presented the marketing mix (4Ps) model to help the managers device a good marketing strategy where the benefits can be exchanged between the pillars of marketing, this was later modified by Booms and Bitner in 1982 (he added 3more Ps )   to cater the requirements of the service industry. (Brassington Pettitt, 2007; Kotler, et al, 2005) The next section will discuss 7p’s of Apple as in figure 3. Figure 3. 7P’s of iPhone (Adapted by researcher) 1. Product: The product would be found in more in 60million pages on internet, with the broadest screen display in all the mobile phones so there is touchscreen keypad as opposed to dialoging keypad in just 2 months after launch. The company decided to use OS X operating system with the same usage as of iPod or Mac although with lot of shortcomings like no expandable memory or replaceable battery or difficult to disable users. (OGrady, 2007) The initial version was not with 3G network support and was later integrated. SWOT analysis of iPhone (figure 4) helps to know the strengths opportunities of the product. The company should develop core competencies on the basis of its strength and should focus on the opportunities which might arise in due time, which the analysis of threats help to safe guard the product development and develop contingency plans. Gradual innovative methods can be adopted by the firm to convert the weakness into strength apart from best use of financial resources. (Brassing ton Pettitt, 2007) The locked iPhone with one network Cingular in US and by other network in Europe is not appreciated by the consumers. Also the cost of unlocked iPhone is quite high in compared to US market, which might have caused reduced sale. The users cant install their software’s which is another software leverage strategy of Apple, so they have to use only Apple software’s (iTunes, Mobile Me) or QuickTime players. The company is utilizing the iPod ecosystem to leverage the iPhone thereby supporting its online music revenue system. The display of PC based websites with same display made this product different from others. (O’grady, 2007) Fig. 4 iPhone SWOT Analysis Use of FaceTime with 2 cameras is a new innovative idea like in 3G phones, Retina display, but the new iOS is slow than expected by the compass and GPS is helpful when lost. Uses of App Store help the users to get application on their phone and Apple takes 30% of that revenue. (Marshal, 2010) 2. Price: Apple in this case adopted the â€Å"best fit segment† pricing strategy (skimming), where the early adopters were targeted who are less price sensitive and want to receive the benefits of new technology. It allows more cash flow for the company and also conveys benefit perception to other target segments. The company started off with selling the product at $599 (8GB) and $499 (4GB) and later reduced the price of 8GB to $399 and discontinued 4GB model significantly. The company wants to target the mainstream users and cant reply on early adopters (young techno savvy, professionals) for future growth. They tried skimming and versioning strategy. (Apple Annual Reports, 2010) 1. Skimming: This is high pricing strategy but can attract risk of low sales and piracy (Kotler et al, 2005) but Apple has safeguarded itself by marketing before it actually emerged in market by enhancing its brand value under top 20. (Sliwinska et al, 2008) 2. Versioning: This strategy involves charging different prices for same products from different target segments. So the company implemented temporal price discrimination where it charged the prices depending on the desire of the customers to pay for the iPhone. Probably due to good profit on each unit from willing customers and they want to gain high volume sale from the larger customer base they had developed. They have structured this in different countries and adding more features. As they reduced the prices by $200 in just 60 days, after consumer complaints, they issued some $100 store credit to early buyers. (Sliwinska et al, 2008) With the market domination of Symbian phones to 35 Million in H2 2007 and success of N95 and E series boosted the sales by $172 Million against Apple products. Microsoft, RIM has a strong hold in the N.American market, while Nokia is having a larger share in EU. The company started charging $72 to $130  Ã‚   for 18-24 months contract in Britain and Germany; in addition they have to pay  £269 for iPhone in Britain. So the customers had paid $566 compared to $399 in USA. In France, the company tied up with Orange and charged $590 for 8GB along with a monthly package of â‚ ¬50 to â‚ ¬120 or they can buy iPhone over $900. (Sliwinska, 2008) Figure5. Price Comparison (20072010) (www.apple.com, 2010) But the company should understand that European market has 60% of pay-as-you-go customer that is why the company failed to meet their target of 10 Million units but sold nearly 400,000. The company has already launched iPhone3G ($99 for 8GB in USA  £419 in UK) and iPhone4 ($199 for 16GB, $299 for 32GB in US  £499 for 16GB,  £599 for 32GB) as shown in figure 5. The company is still adopting the vertical building strategy, as in iPods which is related to iTunes and help the company to control the digital music and video market. Total 73.73 Million units were sold and only 1.3 million were the original iPhones, it has been a huge success but not as anticipated. They are expecting 82 Million units by 2012 as in figure 6. (Oliver, 2009) Figure 6 Predicted Sales (Oliver, 2009) 3. Promotion: Apple has been most aggressive in terms of promotion as seen in figure 7, some examples are: Fig 7. Strategy of promotions (Kiprin, 2009; Apple Annual Reports, 2010)) 1. The company started with 4 TV commercials during the launch to flaunt the innovative gadget (original iPhone) which can fulfill all needs of entertainment and information sharing device. The company is focusing now to advertise their Face Time feature and recently launched 4 more TV ads. in July 2010. (Chris, 2010) 2. The press releases and blogs were posted and iPhone was in 60 million web pages across web. The news created rumors and the Advertising Ages Marketer award winner (2003) company was again ready to offer new generation product after iPod. The company made successful relations with media firms and Steve (CEO) shares new ideas with public during occasions as suggested in fig 7. (Williams, Mullin., 2008) 3. With the support of 317 stores across the world (233 in USA, 84 outside USA) which contributed around 17% of profits. The company has done strategic partnership with Starbucks to offer free iTunes Wi-Fi music at 600 locations, which can later be downloaded from computers. Even the new iPhones 5 reveal the easiness to find people around the city, location of friends and other features which reflect the social integration aspect of the device. (Apple Annual Reports, 2010) Fig 8. Apple Online marketing (Kiprin, 2009; Apple Annual Reports, 2010) The company is already spent $5.5 billion (increase of 33% compared to 2009) due to expansion in the retail segment. (Apple Annual Report, 2010) 1. The company uses all forms of advertising to gain attention, they appear on a regular basis on newspapers, TV, billboards etc. Like Macworld Expo (conventions to launch products), coverage of major channels like Fox, MTV and Rolling Stones, Maxim etc. In-store promotion and awareness helps in personal selling where the users can touch and test. The company site is quite impressive with promotion codes issues to consumers from time to time. 2. Cross Promotions: the channel partners like Sprint, Orange, Vodaphone etc. promote iPhone packages on their websites and from printed booklets. 3. Search Engine promotions; the company spend money on Adwords (Google marketing), Pay Per Click campaigns. The company purchases the keywords like iPhones, mp3phones etc. Banners and promotions on other sites is a regular from Apple. (Sliwinska et al, 2008) 4. The company sends email to iPod users, carrier consumers, and uses RSS feed of their promotions and events and blogs are done regularly. (Williams and Mullins, 2008) 4. Place: The company is using the locations as shown in fig 9 for selling the product. Fig 9.   Distribution locations ((Kiprin, 2009; Apple Annual Reports, 2010) The company followed the hybrid distribution strategy and engaged the telecommunication service provider’s stores along with their online and own stores. So the customers are forced to enter into a contract for 18-24 months. The company is using two level channel for distribution of their product. (Jobber Fahy, 2009) The company has done tie-ups with Cingular as they have a customer base of 58Million and out of which around18million are already with iPod. So its good strategy to benefit both companies of exclusivity in USA. Although AT T never wanted to spend much money on advertising but they end up spending $18 billion in 2009. As seen in the figure 10, the products are assembled in China (due to cheap labor) and then supplied to warehouses and regional stores. The company is clever to use the use the touch points of established networks (Vodaphone, O2, Orange, T-Mobile etc.) (Jobber Fahy, 2009) 5. People: The company wants to be in direct touch with the consumers and when they feel it, they will buy it strategy. With only $99, 1hour/week for 1yr help the users to meet the experts at Genius bars for technical support and information, conducting over 50000 sessions / week. The sales assistant is available on appointments to find the right product for right needs at the new gather place. This helps the company generate word of mouth marketing and product awareness and brand building. The sales team is trained to give awareness, rather than giving a sales pitch. Also the CEO has impressive presence in front of media to market the brand. (Ireland et al, 2009) 6. Process: Alain (2008) has given some insight about the process of Apple. He says CEO, Steve Jobs is working closely with the design and development team during the whole development process.   The meeting of board management is done every month, where the marketing proposal and other problems are discussed. 10-3-1: The designers follow the pixel perfect approach where there are no fillers and 3 designs are selected out of 10 and perfected until they arrive at 1 out of total 10. The company conducts different type of meetings: 1. Paired design: this is done 2 times a week to discuss the features and technical specs of the product. 2. Brainstorming: This involves discussion on any and every idea that comes in your mind and put in the table for discussion. There are no rules to free thinking. (Alain, 2008) 3. Production: This involves giving a proper structure to the innovative ideas and arranging deadlines for the same.   (Alain, 2008) The CEO doesn’t frown to discard a product at the last minute. and there are Pony Meetings every 2 weeks, where the client discuss the requirements with designers, so they can work according to the needs of the consumers. The sales are handled in stores (Apple and partners) by the professional team and training sessions also help with sales promotion activities. (Alain, 2008) 7. Physical Evidence: The Company has a good packaging strategy which makes the product look attractive and stylish on the shelf. The company has Apple Care service to resolve the problems and services offered by the company, geniuses’ bars to meet the direct customers and teaching them to make better users. (William, Mullin, 2008) Discussion Cladbun (2007) has pointed out the application development by 3rd party is not allowed is a drawback. But the company has been successful in allowing the third party developers to develop innovative software’s like making the iPhone work as a remote and the car can be fully operated by sitting outside the car and similar applications help the company to share profits from other developers and are unique business model implementers. This is also adopted by Amazon recently. (Marshal, 2010)     The utopian vision to create the convergence device from Apple is under serious controversy, even though they have filed 200 patents but LG claimed that they copied their design Apple Inc. lost claim for IPHONE trademark against Infogear. The company has reduced their marketing expenses by using the retailer outlets all around the world and invested that money to open their own 317 stores all around the world, this has helped the company to get the sales revenue similar to   the mat urity stage of the product life cycle even though the product is at the introduction phase. The company might be planning to have more strategic partnerships as they have done for iPods with Nike, Volkswagen etc. where the iPods was given free with each unit purchased. (Williams and Mullin, 2008) The company with China Unicom is doing excellent with 100,000 sales in first 3 days and 200,000 pre orders for iPhone 4 as compared to 5000 order for original iPhone, even there is a restriction of wi-fi feature due to government rules. The company is giving iPhone for free with the $43, 2 months contract, which they haven’t done before (Ong, 2010); this shows that the management is conscious of the social and economic factors of the target market. They have to do similar during their launch or other high populated countries. The process used by the firm is towards perfection which should be implemented by every firm to gain competitive advantage. (Gosnay Richardson, 2008) Conclusion It has been observed that the company has maintained strong sales and developing new markets and also adding the value of the brand with more features and third party software’s available for the users. Although with lot of technical limitations the company has experienced good sales with the help of strategic partners and intensive advertising. The company is spending lot of money on all the channels of promotional mix, however the company should give more emphasis on website advertising to reduce the costs. The company is well known for innovative ideas and thereby inspiring others to develop innovative ideas along with their service to the society by following CSR approaches. The last section of the report present the recommendations which can be utilized by the managers for effective marketing of iPhone. Recommendations This strategy must have lost early adopters and loyal customers and reducing the price by 66% in 1yr is not good way to treat customers and forcing them to sign contract with AT T, O2, Vodaphone or T-Mobile, which resulted in slowing down of sales and even though 3.3 million iPhones were sold in 8months but only 2million contracts were signed with ATT. (Adapted by researcher) Another mistake is the launch of iPhone after 7 months in UK, Germany and France; almost after 1yr in other Western Europe like Sweden, Austria even in Canada, Brazil etc. So a good product has adopted a bad strategy. They could have delayed the product launch or decreased the prices only after 1yr or should have started with $399 only.   (Vertygoteam, 2010) The company should find ways to differentiate the product in China but as cheap players and mobile phones even pirated iPhone is available so its difficult to maintain the brand image. Also Wi-Fi is disabled due to government restrictions but the Chinese love colors so the back side of the iPhone should be available in trendy colors. There is enough scope for people in China with 470 Million users. (Research and Markets, 2010) India is also a good market with population reaching 1.3Billion, and company can earn if they sell at similar price offerings due to economy of scale. But they are offering at $800, which is expensive even for Americans. The company has to be find ways to challenge dual and triple sim phones available in India and cost around $100. Even on $50 phone from Nokia, the company is investing heavily on marketing but iPhone wants to establish with poor marketing requires careful planning. (Rhiain, 2010) The company is offering unlimited bank width to the subscribers which will overload the network, so company should also invest in expanding the bandwidth along with aggressive marketing investment, especially in growing markets with poor infrastructure like India as 44% of revenue comes from non-US market. (Annual Reports, 2010) Olive (2009) views that company will sustain the market forces with the help of media integration, games and sophisticated software. However, company could include Mobile commerce, user generated print media production and 3D games to attract more customers. The company should understand the social forces and use it to target the customers. Rising prices, decrease income, world financial crisis affect the buyer’s purchasing power. Old age customers are free and can be the target market, so they can be connected with their grandchildren. The company can create advertisements devoted to elders in this case. Another target market can be singles who can utilize their free time for entertainment purposes when they feel lonely, as they dont have family obligations and enough financials. With the increasing migration of citizens from one country to other, even American and Britishers are moving   to developing countries due to lost cost living. So this can be another target market for Apple, where they are away from their country but feel connected with the product from their country. (Gosnay Richardson, 2008) The users cant forward any contact or use blue-tooth with other phones, ringtones needs to be purchased and difficult to use the speakerphone in cars. (Squarejp, 2010) The company should find ways to rectify it to make it more suitable for customers. REFERENCES Alain, 2008, You can’t Innovate like Apple [Available at] pragmaticmarketing.com/publications/magazine/6/4/you_cant_innovate_like_apple [Accessed on 24 Nov 2010] Apple Annual Reports, 2010, Annual Report [Available at] http://phx.corporate-ir.net/External.File?item=UGFyZW50SUQ9Njc1MzN8Q2hpbGRJRD0tMXxUeXBlPTM=t=1 [Accessed on 24 Nov 2010] Brassington Pettitt (2007) ‘Essentials of Marketing, 2nd edition, Prentice Hall Campbell,H.A. LaPastina,A.C., 2010,How the iPhone became divine [Available at] www.agendainc.com/media/ipho0710.pdf [Accessed on 25 Nov 2010] Churchill,S., 2009, 100M by 2013[Available at] dailywireless.org/2009/03/24/smartphone-users-100m-by-2013/[Accessed on 20 Nov 2010] CSR Report, 2010,   Supplier Responsibility [Available at] http://images.apple.com/supplierresponsibility/pdf/SR_2010_Progress_Report.pdf [Accessed on 20 Nov 2010] Gosnay Richardson (2008) ‘Develop your Marketing Skills,’ KP Jobber Fahy (2009) ‘Foundations of Marketing, McGraw Hill Kiprin, B., 2009, Apple iPhone Strategy [Available at] slideshare.net/bkiprin/apples-iphone-launch-marketing-strategy-analysis-2858373 [Accessed on 28 Nov 2010] Kotler, Wong, Saunders Armstrong, (2005) ‘Principles of Marketing’, Prentice Hall Marshal,K., 2010, As Apple tablet looms, Amazon Kindle adopts App Store revenue split [Available at]appleinsider.com/articles/10/01/20/as_apple_tablet_looms_amazon_kindle_adopts_app_store_revenue_split.html [Accessed on 24 Nov 2010] Oliver,S., 2009,   iPhone sales predicted to top 80 million by 2012 [Available at] appleinsider.com/articles/09/08/19/iphone_sales_predicted_to_top_80_million_by_2012.html [Accessed on 23 Nov 2010] O’grady,J.D., 2007, Appropriability, Proximity, Routines, [Availanle at http://www2.druid.dk/conferences/viewpaper.php?id=1675cf=9%20{^ [Accessed on 20 Nov 2010] Ong,J., 2010, China Unicom iPHone4 sales hit 100k [Available at] appleinsider.com/articles/10/09/30/china_unicom_iphone_4_sales_hit_100k_in_first_four_days.html [Accessed on 25 Nov 2010] Research and Markets, 2010, Chinese Mobile Market [Available at] researchandmarkets.com/reportinfo.asp?report_id=542976 [Accessed on 20 Nov 2010] Rhiain, 2010, Nokia C2 unleashed with Doubnle Sim [Available at] http://conversations.nokia.com/2010/06/03/nokia-c1-unleashed-with-double-sim-functionality-photo-gallery/ [Accessed on 29 Nov 2010] Sliwinska,D., anasinghe,J., Kardava,I., 2008, Apple Pricing Strategy [Available at] http://christophe.benavent.free.fr/IMG/pdf/AINI_2008_Apple_s_Pricing_Strategy.pdf [Accessed on 20 Nov, 2010] Squarejp, 2010,iPhone problems http://discussions.apple.com/thread.jspa?threadID=2489656 [Accessed on 29 Nov 2010] Tews,J., 2009, Smartphone Customer Satisfaction survey [Available at] http://businesscenter.jdpower.com/news/pressrelease.aspx?ID=2009224 [Accessed on 26 Nov 2010] Vertygoteam, 2010, iPHone Strategy Mistakes, vertygoteam.com/iphone_marketing_strategy.php [Accessed on 2 Dec 2010] Williams,A., Mullin,R., 2008, The handbook of field marketing, Kogan Page Publishers Appendix A. Marketing Mix Appendix B Porter 5 Forces 5 Forces Model (Adapted from Kotler et al, 2005 Apple Annual Reports, 2010) Porter 5 forces model helps to understand the marketing forces which affect any company brand. According to the above model: i)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Supplier power is quite strong as it has support of big companies like AT T, Orange, Vodaphone which are helping in the sales and also using their touch points to give products to the customers. They have enough financial capability to support the company. The low cost assembly unit in China is also helping to keeps the cost low. (Williams and Mullins, 2008) ii)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   New Entrants: The threat is quite high due to other big brands competing at the hardware, design and software level. Google and Microsoft want to capture the mobile software market. (Twes, 2009) iii)  Ã‚     Substitutes: Everyday there are more products coming in the market from communication medium like SKYPE, VOIP etc and smartphones, PDA and Chinese mobile are common everywhere, unless the company is innovative, they can’t stand in the market. (Kiprin, 2009) iv)  Ã‚   Rivalry: it is quite intense as all the mobile phones have dominance in their region and it will be difficult for iPhone to take over the market. All big brands like Sony, Nokia, LG etc. have enough funds to fight for the target market. (Williams and Mullins, 2008) v)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Buyers position is little week as the smartphones are made by manufacturers and the consumers have choices but there is no good replacement for iPhone which comes with its unique features. (O’grady, 2007) Appendix C.   Consumer Satisfaction survey (Tews, 2009)

Whirlpool Credit Scandal Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Whirlpool Credit Scandal - Term Paper Example The financial arrangement was very profitable since the firm was earning an interest rate income of 18% to 22%. The â€Å"open end† notes worked like credit cards that are used for a single purchase. The company during the 1990s expanded its business to include the sale of dish antennas. At the time this was a unique opportunity by targeting homes in rural areas that did not have access to cable television. These dish contracts were the focus of controversy. The company claims that the problems were a misunderstanding, but in reality it seemed that the actions of the salesmen of the company were calculated and were performed intentionally to mislead the customers. The root of the controversy was based on the customer’s claim that the salesmen told them that the dish antennas were financed on the three year basis, when in reality the company was offering a financing term of five years. The no money down financing offer that the company offered to finance the acquisition of antennas was an initiative that served a social purpose. It helped a lot of poor and lower middle class citizens in rural regions improve their quality of life. Satellite television provided access to hundreds of channels. Rich people could acquire the Dish antennas by paying cash because the $1124 cost was insignificant to them. The problem with these contracts was that they were deceiving customers by hiding the fact that accumulated interest would increase the contract length to five instead of three years. The end result of the Dish antenna contract was that it hurt the economic well being of poor people by keeping them in debt for an extended period of time. One of the lessons to be learned from this case study is that people should carefully read the terms of the written contracts instead of trusting the word of deceptive salesmen. The economic benefit of the case was that the Whirlpool National Financial Bank created a financial tool that allowed poor people and persons wi th bad credit access to expensive Dish satellite equipment. The purpose of the â€Å"open end† notes was to facilitate the acquisition of satellite television to American citizens of all social classes. The salesmen of the company entered into unethical behavior when they misled buyers into thinking that the Dish equipment debt would be liquidated in a term of three years. The controversy with the financing became a legal matter. The customers were within their right to seek legal action because they entered into financing contracts under false premises. The executive management team of Whirlpool realized that the company was facing a major legal problem. Lawsuits are an undesirable outcome for companies due to the financial costs associated with the legal process and because the news of a pending lawsuit against a company hurts the corporate image of a firm (Referenceforbusiness, 2012). The out of court settlement that Whirlpool signed to resolve the conflict is the first st ep towards fixing the situation. The firm must now take corrective actions to ensure the problem does not continue to occur. An alternative solution for the company is to restructure its credit offering to eliminate the clause that converted the contract into a five year term. It is not reasonable to charge a customer for five years to acquire a consumer good in the technological industry. The firm should limit its financing terms to a maximum of two years. A way to ensure that the company can keep the monthly payments low for the customers is by lowering the acquisition cost of the Dish antennas. There is more money to be made in the servicing contracts than in sales of equipment. A second solution that should be implemented in conjunction with the first solution identified is to start a new